Part I Introduction
Chapter 1 The Legal Environment of International Business
1.1 International Business and Globalization
1.2 History of International Business Law
Exhibit 1-1: Outline of the Uruguay Round Final Act
1.3 Sources of International Business Law
A. International Treaties and Conventions
B. International Business Customs and Usages
C. National Laws
D. Other Sources
1.4 Comparison of Legal Systems
A. The Romano-Germanic Civil Law System
B. The Anglo-American Common Law System
1.5 The Role of International Organizations in International Business
Exhibit 1-2: The Structure of the WTO
Chapter Summary
Part II Law of Business Organizations
Chapter 2 Sole Proprietorships
2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Sole Proprietorship
2.2 The Law Governing Sole Proprietorships
Chapter 3 Partnerships
3.1 Forms of Partnerships
3.2 Partnership Formation
Exhibit 3-1: A Sample Partnership
3.3 Partnership Operation
Case 3-1: Helpinstill V. Regions Bank
3.4 Partnership Termination
Chapter 4 Corporations
4.1 Nature of Corporations
4.2 Classification of Corporations
4.3 Corporate Formation
4.4 Disregarding the Corporate Entity
Case 4-1: Salomon V. Salomon & Co, Ltd.
Case 4-2: Hoskins Chevrolet, INC. V. Hochberg (1998)
4.5 Corporate Management
A. Corporate Management Institutions
B. Corporate Management Personnel
4.6 Merger, Consolidation and Dissolution of Corporations
Chapter Summary
Part III Law of International Sale of Goods
Chapter 5 Contract for International Sale of Goods (I)
5.1 What Is a Contract?
5.2 Classification of Contracts
5.3 Essential Elements of a Valid Contract
5.4 Rules Governing International Sale of Goods
A. United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
B. National Laws
C. Principles of International Commercial Contracts
D. International Customs and Usages: Incoterms
Exhibit 5-1: Division of Incoterms 2010 (Mode of Transport)
Exhibit 5-2: Division of Incoterms 2020 (Mode of Transport)
Exhibit 5-3: Obligations and Charges of the Seller and the Buyer under Incoterms 2020
Chapter Summary
Chapter 6 Contract for International Sale of Goods (II)
6.1 The Sphere of Application of the CISG
A. Three Requirements for the Application of the CISG
B. Choice of Law Clauses
Case 6-1: American Biophysics Corp. V. Dubois Marine Specialties
C. Sales Excluded from the CISG
D. Contractual Issues Excluded from the CISG
6.2 General Provisions for Interpretation of the CISG
6.3 Contract Formation
A. The Offer
B. The Acceptance
C. Battle of the Forms
6.4 Seller’s Obligations
A. Obligations of Delivery
B. Obligations of Quality of the Goods
C. Obligations of Property Issues
6.5 Buyer’s Obligations
A. Obligations of Payment
B. Obligations of Inspection and Notice of Defects
6.6 Risk of Loss
6.7 Excused Performance
6.8 Remedies for Breach of Contract
A. Suspension of Performance
B. Avoidance of a Contract
C. Damages
Case 6-2: Hadley V. Baxendale (1854)
D. Specific Performance
E. Other Remedies Available under the CISG
Chapter Summary
Chapter 7 International Carriage of Goods
7.1 Carriage of Goods by Sea
A. Bills of Lading
Fundamentals of Bills of Lading
International Conventions Governing Bills of Lading
Carriers Duties and Immunities under a Bill of Lading
Other Questions
B. Charterparties
7.2 Carriage of Goods by Air
A. The Warsaw Convention
B. The Montreal Convention 1999
7.3 Carriage of Goods by Road and Rail
7.4 Multimodal Carriage of Goods
7.5 Marine Cargo Insurance
A. Types of Losses
B. Types of Marine Insurance Policies
C. Types of Coverage
Chapter Summary
Chapter 8 Payment in International Sale of Goods
8.1 Modes of International Payment
8.2 Fundamentals of Negotiable Instruments
Exhibit 8-1: A Sample of Draft
Exhibit 8-2: A Sample of Check
Exhibit 8-3: A Sample of Promissory Note
8.3 Bill of Exchange
A. Laws Governing the Bill of Exchange
B. Brief Requirements of the Bill of Exchange
C. Negotiation of the Bill of Exchange
8.4 Documentary Letters of Credit
A. Overview
B. The Governing Rules: UCP 600
C. Basic Legal Principles
The Principle of Independence
Case 8-1: Sztejn V. Henry Schroder Banking Corporation
The Rule of Strict Compliance
8.5 Standby Letters of Credit
Chapter Summary
Part IV Law of International Intellectual Property Rights
Chapter 9 International Transfer of Intellectual Property
9.1 Fundamentals of Intellectual Property Rights
A. Copyrights
B. Patents
C. Trademarks
D. Know-how or Trade Secrets
9.2 International Intellectual Property Organizations and Treaties
9.3 Regulations on International Licensing
A. Typical Terms in International Licensing Agreements
B. Restrictive Business Practices in International Licensing
Price Fixing
Non-competition Clauses
Challenges to Validity
Tying Clauses
Grant-Back Provisions
C. Rules Regulating the Anti-competitive Aspects of International Licensing
D. Compulsory Licenses
9.4 Regulations of International Franchising
Case 9-1: Dayan V. McDonald’s Corp.
Chapter Summary
Part V Law of International Commercial Disputes Resolution
Chapter 10 Settlement of International Commercial Disputes
10.1 Methods of International Commercial Dispute Settlement
10.2 Settlement of Commercial Disputes through Arbitration
A. Overview of Arbitration and International Commercial Arbitration
Understanding Arbitration and International Commercial Arbitration
Types of International Commercial Arbitration
Advantages of International Commercial Arbitration
Disadvantages of International Commercial Arbitration
B. Arbitration Clauses
Form of Arbitration Clauses
Validity of Arbitration Clauses
Case 10-1: Scherk V. Alberto-Culver Co.
Drafting Arbitration Clauses
C. International Commercial Arbitration Procedure
Appointment of Arbitrators
Arbitration Proceedings
D. Enforcement of Arbitral Awards: New York Convention
E. Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in the People’s Republic of China
10.3 Settlement of Commercial Disputes Involving States through Arbitration
A. International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID)
B. Dispute Settlement in WTO
10.4 Settlement of Commercial Disputes through Litigation
A. Jurisdiction
B. Choosing the Governing Law
C. Proving Foreign Law
D. Recognizing and Enforcing Foreign Judgment
Chapter Summary
List of Legal Terms
